The cosmic material we know as dark matter has always been a topic of scientists for studies for years. It had challenged our astrophysical capacity ever since, but still, little is known about dark matter. One of the few established theories around dark matters is that they are just influencing visible cosmic materials through gravity.
Search for Dark Matter's Origin Still Ongoing
NASA's Model of Cosmology shows the gravitational features of existing galaxies. In the cosmology parameter, these galaxies compile slowly through primordial fluctuations. The fluctuations are the effect of invisible particles that spreads in random patterns across space, making itself seem like an oceanic body. These particles are theorized to be cold dark matters.
Cold dark matters are possibly made out of weakly interacting massive particles or WIMP. It can also be dark atoms known to not be interested in any matter or light. Another theory suggests that the invincible force is made of axion particles.
The observation is limited with the said particles as detection of the specimens is not viable yet. But on the other hand, clues from these invisible cosmic materials such as fluctuation imprints were already measured. The observation of the particle's fluctuation was made possible through their primordial spatial distribution. This is supported by the evidence of varying cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation across the sky, which is the aftereffect of the big bang.
Invisible Particles in the Outskirts of Milky Way Galaxy May Answer What Dark Matters Are
Dark matter studies have required many observations and experiments throughout the years. Some of it was specifically constructed to match the requirements needed solely by dark matter studies. For example, CERN created a massive particle accelerator Large Hadron Collider (LHC), to add to the council's accelerator complex and carry out a mechanism that could complement any type of elementary particles in place of dark matter.
However, some of the experiments did not show feasible results. One example to be theorized is that dark matters are made up of black holes, but are soon disproved to be a dominant component of the invisible celestial material, reports Scientific American.
With that said, research about cold dark matters did not stop. Many experts are still in pursuit of understanding the true nature of the unseen cluster of the void. Based on a 2005 study published in arXiv entitled "The Small-Scale Power Spectrum of Cold Dark Matter," the particles of cold dark matter could converge their gravitational energy to Earth mass. The study explained that even if the particles are not observable yet, the matter is widely active on bigger bodies across the galaxy, such as the Milky Way. The study concludes that even our galaxy is surrounded by dark matter.
In reference to the study, dark matters exist on the edge of our galaxy due to the drop in acceleration. The slow-motion recorded at the outer regions of the Milky Way is below the universal value. The concept was first introduced in a 1983 study entitled "A Modification of the Newtonian Dynamics as a Possible alternative to the Hidden Mass Hypothesis," Weizmann Institute physicist Moti Milgrom proposed the modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) as an answer to the mystery of dark matter.
In his study, Milgrom explained that the Milky Way's features strongly connect the energy on the galaxy's outskirts. With this study, accompanied by recent research, we are now a step closer to finding what the invisible particles are. The concepts gathered will lead to the extensive discovery of what dark matters are all about and determine the function of their existence.
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