A team of researchers at Kyoto University's Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics has now suggested a novel method to a problem by defining energy to integrate the idea of entropy.
As indicated in a SciTechDaily report, Einstein was "no stranger to mathematical challenges." He struggled in defining energy in a manner that acknowledged both the law of energy conservation and covariance, which is the fundamental feature of general relativity where for all observers, physical laws are the same.
Team member Shuichi Yokoyama said that even though a great deal of initiative has gone into the reconciliation of the elegance of general relativity with quantum mechanics, the solution is surprisingly instinctive.
The field of equations of Einstein describes how both matter and energy are shaping spacetime and how in turn that particular spacetime's structure is moving both matter and energy.
'Conserved Entropy' a Challenge to Standard Definition
Solving the equations set is extremely difficult like pinning down the behavior of a charge linked to an energy-momentum tensor, which is the troublesome factor that's describing both energy and mass.
The researchers have observed that the conservation of charge looks like entropy, which can be described as a gauge of the number of several ways of arranging parts of a specific system.
As the research published in the International Journal of Modern Physics A showed that "there's the rub," and that's conserved entropy challenges this typical or normal definition.
The existence of this particular conserved quantity is contradicting a principle in basic physics called "Noether's theorem," in which a quantity's conservation arises in general, due to some kind of symmetry in a system.
New Definition for 'Energy-Momentum Tensor'
Astonished that other researchers have not already applied such a new definition of the so-called "energy-momentum tensor," Shinya Aoki, another member of the team, adds that he is intrigued that in general curved spacetime, a conserved quantity can be defined even minus the symmetry.
In effect, the team has applied this novel method to observe a diversity of intergalactic phenomena, such as the expansion of black holes and the universe.
Black holes, according to NASA, are a "great amount of matter" packed into quite a very small area. Most famously, as described in the space agency, black holes were forecasted in the theory of general relativity of Einstein, which presented that when a massive star expires or dies, it's leaving behind a tiny, dense residue core.
Essentially, if the mass of the core is more than roughly thrice the mass of the Sun, the equations revealed that gravity's force is overwhelming all other forces and generates a black hole.
Whereas the computations are corresponding well with the presently accepted behavior of entropy for a Schwarzchild black hole, the equations exhibit that entropy density is concerted at the individuality in the center of the black hole, a region where spacetime turns poorly defined.
The study authors are hoping that their work will spur more in-depth discussion among many researchers, not just in gravity theory, but in basic physics, as well.
Related information about Einstein's Theory of Relativity is shown on Mr. Scientist's YouTube video below:
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