Conditions affecting the nervous system have risen to the top spot as the global cause of illness. Billion people reported neurological conditions in 2021, and it was much higher than what was previously thought.
Nervous System Condition Leading Cause of Disease Worldwide
A new study carried out by hundreds of researchers led by the US-based Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) learned that 3.4 billion people, or 43% of the global population, have neurological conditions. Jaimie Steinmetz of the IHME said the results showed conditions linked to nervous systems are now "the world's leading cause of overall disease burden."
According to the study, the number of cases of these illnesses has increased by 59% in the previous thirty years, primarily due to the world's population's rapid growth and aging.
From 1990 to 2021, the researchers examined the relationship between 37 distinct neurological diseases and illness, disability, and early death across 204 nations and territories.
Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), a measure of the number of years of healthy life lost to each ailment, were calculated using this data.
In 2021, nervous system illnesses claimed more than 443 million years of healthy life worldwide, an increase of 18% from 1990. Nevertheless, DALYs and fatalities from these illnesses actually decreased by around a third when the population's age and expanding size were taken into account.
Previously considered a heart disease, stroke was by far the worst neurological ailment examined, resulting in the loss of 160 million years of good life.
Neonatal encephalopathy, migraine, dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, diabetic nerve damage, meningitis, and epilepsy were the conditions that followed. Covid-19's cognitive impairment was ranked 20th.
According to Steinmetz, the primary factor behind nervous system disorders surpassing cardiovascular illness in the most recent review was a recent shift in the World Health Organization's classification scheme that placed stroke within the neurological category.
Why Stroke Is Considered Neurological Disorder?
Stroke is the leading cause of disability globally, but because the WHO has classed it as a cardiovascular disease, its neurological cost has gone unrecognized. Stroke has now been classified as a neurological disorder in the most recent version of the WHO International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). This move will likely increase awareness of the impact of stroke and lead to better funding for stroke research and patient care. It also acknowledges that neurologists treat stroke patients and that survivors must deal with permanent neurological impairments.
A stroke occurs when there is a problem with blood flow to a portion of the brain. It is the brain's version of a heart attack. This may occur as a result of cerebral hemorrhage or clogged blood arteries.
A blockage results in an ischemic stroke, which is more common. Brain bleeding, which results in a hemorrhagic stroke, is more dangerous. An estimated 87% of stroke cases are classified as ischemic strokes. Stroke frequently happens suddenly or with no warning, and the consequences can be fatal.
Strokes are a potentially fatal emergency for which prompt medical intervention is essential to avert irreversible harm or death.
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