Quasar or Quasi-stellar object is a compact region at the center of a galaxy and this region is also said an active galactic nucleus. Quasars are the most distant object so light from this portion takes billion years to reach Earth. This region has comparably much luminosity than other portion.
Though Quasars appeared as a brighter star, but some comprehensive studies have shown that this high luminosity is not produced by a star. A Quasar consists of a supermassive black hole surrounded by an orbiting accretion disk of gas. It's known that every galaxy has a supermassive Black hole at their center. When diffused materials in the space get too close, it formed an accretion disk.
Basically, this disk formed by the gravitation force of a massive central body like a star, supermassive black hole etc. Due to the gravitational field, this disc always has an inward direction toward the central body. During spiral rotation, gravitational and frictional forces raise the temperature of the materials around million of degrees and causing the emission of electromagnetic radiation.
Quasars emit energy in the electromagnetic spectrum and can be detected at X-ray, radio, infrared, visible, and ultraviolet wavelength. Quasars exhibit a very high redshift, which is an effect of the Metric expansion of space between Quasar and Earth. According to physics redshift happens when any electromagnetic emission from an object increase its wavelength.
Based on a report posted in Phys.org, scientists are especially interested in high redshift Quasars i.e. redshift higher than 5.0. There are 300,000 quasars discovered to date, only 290 of them are at the redshift higher than 5.0. As a distant object, these Quasars are much difficult to identify using conventional color selection. So a preferable redshift range between 5.3 and 5.7 used for finding Quasars.
To reduce the gap within this range a group of scientists led by Jinyi Yang from Peking University in Beijing developed a new color selection technique. This new technique detects these new 16 luminous, high-redshift quasars within the desired range and makes it worth. Among all the member of the newest batch, a newest Quasar J113414.23+082853.3 make the record of highest redshift at 5.69 as per a journal published by Cornell University of Library.
All the related paper posted on March 10 in a journal of Cornell University Library. Scientists also have a plan for publishing another paper regarding a detailed analysis. They are collecting the data from UKIRT Hemisphere Survey (UHS), Pan-STARRS PS1 Survey and the VLT Survey Telescope (VST) ATLAS.
