NASA's Voyager 1 Probe Faces Data Transmission Issue That Might Take Weeks To Be Solved

NASA's Voyager 1 probe, at 46 years old, faces a hurdle as it can't send scientific or systems data due to a computer issue. The flight data system (FDS), responsible for gathering data from onboard instruments, is not connecting as usual with the telecommunications unit (TMU).

Voyager 1 Struggles With Data Transmission Loop-Like Glitch

The trouble with Voyager 1 emerged on November 14 when its flight data system's telecommunications unit began sending back a recurring sequence of ones and zeros, indicating an abnormal loop-like behavior.

Although the spacecraft remains responsive to commands, a malfunction in the telecommunications unit has disrupted the transmission of scientific or engineering data from Voyager 1 to Earth. Despite efforts to resolve the issue, including commands for a system restart over the weekend, NASA has not received any usable data yet.

NASA engineers are now in the process of investigating the root cause of the problem before devising potential corrective measures, a task overseen by Calla Cofield, a media relations specialist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. The resolution process is expected to extend over several weeks.

The flight data system, responsible for compiling the spacecraft's information into a data package transmitted via the TMU, has been persistently stuck, transmitting a repetitive pattern of ones and zeros, as detailed in a recent blog post. Voyager's engineering team attributes the issue to the flight data system, but resolving it is anticipated to be a complex endeavor.

Addressing the problem is not as straightforward as conventional troubleshooting methods, such as turning the system on and off, have proven ineffective. The age of the spacecraft and its hardware pose unique challenges, requiring NASA technicians to navigate within the technological constraints of the 1970s.

This situation underscores the need for inventive software workarounds to cope with malfunctions in pioneering space exploration missions that rely on aging technology.

Voyager 1's History of Challenges

Voyager 1's recent issue is not the first time as it has encountered other malfunctions, like with its attitude articulation and control system (AACS) emerging in May 2022, resulting in months of transmitting nonsensical telemetry data until a workaround was implemented.

As the Voyager probes, referred to as "senior citizens," persist in cosmic exploration, the team has strategically powered down instruments to conserve energy and extend the mission's longevity, according to Voyager's project manager Suzanne Dodd.

Throughout their extended missions, the twin spacecraft have faced unexpected challenges, including a seven-month communication blackout with Voyager 2 in 2020. In August, a novel "shout" technique was employed to restore communications after a misoriented antenna caused a disruption.

While efforts are underway to revive regular data transmission from Voyager 1, the mission's enduring significance lies in its prolonged duration. Scientists aim to study particle and magnetic field changes as the probes venture beyond the heliosphere, although this valuable dataset may be compromised if Voyager 1 cannot relay information.

To sustain their record-breaking missions, the mission team has implemented creative strategies to extend the power supply of both Voyagers, surpassing their initial objectives and establishing a remarkable legacy in space exploration history.