Scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) are developing a chewing gum-sized implantable device featuring an integrated "oxygen factory" to potentially replace insulin injections for type 1 diabetes patients. The team created this innovative device, capable of continuously generating oxygen, which is essential for infusing the body with insulin-producing cells.
Initially tested on mice, this device holds the promise of eliminating the need for constant blood sugar monitoring and insulin injections in diabetic individuals.
A Living Medical Device That Secretes Insulin
Researchers at MIT have developed an implantable device that could potentially replace the need for insulin injections in people with type 1 diabetes. The device functions as a "living medical device" made from human cells, which secrete insulin, coupled with an electronic life support system.
It aims to provide a more finely tuned and responsive approach to managing diabetes compared to conventional methods of blood glucose monitoring and insulin injections.
The device relies on the ability to supply transplanted insulin-producing cells with sufficient oxygen to respond to fluctuations in blood glucose levels.
MIT scientists have devised a method to split water vapor in the body into hydrogen and oxygen, with the oxygen being directed into a storage chamber that feeds the transplanted cells. This system eliminates the need for immunosuppressive drugs typically required to prevent the body from rejecting transplanted cells.
Implanted in diabetic mice, the device maintained normal blood glucose levels compared to a control group without the device, which became hyperglycemic within two weeks. The device operates wirelessly through resonant inductive coupling, with power transmitted to a small, flexible antenna within the implant.
The MIT researchers are optimistic about the potential of this technology to revolutionize diabetes treatment and envision its application in delivering various proteins needed for long-term therapies. Further testing on larger animals and eventually humans is planned to provide a more effective and convenient treatment option for diabetes patients.
Is There a Cure for Diabetes?
Type 1 diabetes necessitates daily insulin injections, frequently multiple times per day, ranging from 4 to 5 injections. Injection methods include a syringe and needle, insulin delivery pen, or insulin pump.
Healthcare providers or diabetes nurse educators guide individuals in the proper administration, storage, and timing of insulin injections. Despite their assistance, achieving the ideal insulin dosage to reach target blood glucose levels may require an adjustment period.
As per the World Health Organization, diabetes is considered an epidemic and is the leading cause of blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, and strokes. It's projected that the number of diabetes cases will reach 700 million by 2045.
Despite its global impact, there's currently no cure for any type of diabetes, with most treatments aimed at symptom management. Nonetheless, the biotech industry is actively working to develop new diabetes treatments, with the ultimate goal of finding a cure, promising significant advancements in diabetes management and treatment.
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